10.1 Declension of prepositions:
10.1.1 Form: A pronominal object of a preposition is expressed by a suffixed form of the personal pronoun. The preposition itself assumes a prenominal form which must be learned with each preposition. For example the preposition 'e-' become 'ero=' before pronominal suffixes. The symbol '=' is a convention used in Coptic grammers to indicate any form of the word to which a pronominal suffix is to be attached.
10.1.2 Examples: The following are the most common prepositions used in Coptic:
| e-, ero= | to, against | nem, nema= | with |
| eybe, eyb/t= | for, concerning | nca, ncw= | behind, against |
| ejen, ejw= | on, upon | oube, oub/= | against |
| n-, mmo= | D.O. | sa, saro= | to, toward |
| n-, n= | to, for | qen, nq/t= | in |
| nahren, nahra= | before, in front of | hijen, hijw= | upon, on |
Illustrated examples:
| s-1-mf | mmoi | me | eroi | to me | n/i | for me |
| s-2-m | mmok | you (m) | erok | to you (m) | nak | for you (m) |
| s-2-f | mmo | you (f) | ero | to you (f) | ne | for you (f) |
| s-3-m | mmof | him | erof | to him | naf | for him |
| s-3-f | mmoc | her | eroc | to her | nac | for her |
| p-1-mf | mmon | us | eron | to us | nan | for us |
| p-2-mf | mmwten | you (pl) | erwten | to you (pl) | nwten | for you (pl) |
| p-3-mf | mmwou | them | erwou | to them | nwou | for them |
| ri | f. | room, cell | twoun | vb. | to arise, get up |
| caji | vb. | to speak, talk | -- e- | vb. | to rise up against |
| caji e- | vb. | to talk to | -- ebol qen | vb. | to arise from |
| --- eybe | vb. | to talk about | -- ebol hi | vb. | to arise from |
| --- nem | vb. | to talk with | -- ejen | vb. | to rise up against |
| --- nca | vb. | to talk against | -- ehr/i ejen | vb. | to rise up against |
| --- oube | vb. | to talk against | ouoh | conj. | and |
| --- ha | vb. | to talk about | hb/oui | pl. | tasks, things |
| --- | m. | words, affair | hwb | m. | work, task, thing |
A. Translate the following prepositional phrases and then replace the nominal subject with the appropriate suffix pronoun. For example, eybe paihwb - eyb/tf.
| 1. | ejen pi.kahi | 4. | qen ].cunagwg/ | |
| 2. | menenca pef.mou | 5. | menenca pai.ehoou | |
| 3. | nahren v] | 6. | a.f.se e.pi.sai | |
B. Translate the following into English:
| 1. | a.u.twoun a.u.vwt ebol | 3. | a.i.twoun ebol hi ].trapeza | |
| 2. | a.f.se evahou e.pef./i | 4. | a.f.hemci ouoh a.f.caji nem ni.rwmi | |
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