5.1 Possessive Adjectives: In Coptic, possessive adjectives are constructed from the characters denoting the definite article 'p, t, n' and an attached personal pronoun. So the first part defines the gender and number of the noun and the second part defines the person possessing such noun. Coptic recognizes eight persons, five in the singular and three in the plural. These adjectives are usually prefixed to the noun they modify, as follows:
Person | Masculine | Feminine | Plural | ||||||
s-1-mf | pa.iwt | my father | ta.cwni | my sister | na.io] | my fathers | |||
s-2-m | pek.iwt | your father | tek.cwni | your sister | nek.io] | your fathers | |||
s-2-f | pe.iwt | your father | te.cwni | your sister | ne.io] | your fathers | |||
s-3-m | pef.iwt | his father | tef.cwni | his sister | nef.io] | his fathers | |||
s-3-f | pec.iwt | her father | tec.cwni | her sister | nec.io] | her fathers | |||
p-1-mf | pen.iwt | our father | ten.cwni | our sister | nen.io] | our fathers | |||
p-2-mf | peten.iwt | your father | teten.cwni | your sister | neten.io] | your fathers | |||
p-3-mf | pou.iwt | their father | tou.cwni | their sister | nou.io] | their fathers |
Legend: s= singular, p= plural, m= masculine, f= feminine
5.2 Demonstrative Adjectives - Nearer Objects: Demonstrative adjectives for nearer objects are prefixed to the nouns they modify. They also serve as the definite article for the noun. Consequently they are, like the definite article, identified by the three characters 'p' for the masculine 't' for the feminine, and 'n' for the plural. In English they are translated as 'this' for singular and 'these' for plural. Their forms are as follows:
Masculine Singular | Feminine Singular | Plural |
pai- | tai- | nai- |
pai.rwmi | tai.chimi | nai.cn/ou |
Note: After a noun with a demonstrative adjective, the genitive case is usually expressed by 'nte', as follows:
pai.jwm nte pa.con | This book of my brother |
5.3 The Infix '-ke-': This is a noninflectional word element that is inserted between the noun prefix and the noun. In English it expresses the meaning 'other'. It is used with the definite or indefinite articles, the demonstrative adjectives, and the possessive adjectives, as follows:
pi.ke.rwmi | the other man |
ni.ke.rwmi | the other men |
ke.rwmi | anothor man |
han.ke.rwmi | some other men |
pai.ke.rwmi | this other man |
pa.ke.rwmi | my other man |
/rp | m. | wine | nca | prep. | behind, against |
io] | pl. | parents, ancestors | cn/ou | pl. | brothers, monks |
iwt | m. | father | con | m. | brother, monk |
ma | m. | place | cwni | f. | sister |
mau | f. | mother | wik | m. | bread |
nobi | m. | sin | qaten | prep. | near, beside |
Greek Nouns
agora | f. | marketplace | kocmoc | m. | world |
entol/ | f. | commandment | mona,oc | m. | monk |
epickopoc | m. | bishop | hir/n/ | f. | peace |
A | 1. | nca nef.may/t/c | 4. | qen tou.polic |
2. | eybe ten.cwni | 5. | nem tef.seri | |
3. | nahren pen.[oic | 6. | qen pai.kocmoc | |
B | 1. | ni.entol/ n.nen.io] | 5. | pi.ro m.pe.ke./i |
2. | qaten tek.ekkl/cia | 6. | tai.epictol/ nte pauloc | |
3. | pi.ro m.pek./i | 7. | eybe nen.nobi | |
4. | pi./rp n.nai.mona,oc | 8. | qen ].agora n.].polic | |
C | 1. | pen.iwt et.qen ni.v/oui | 3. | mmon hir/n/ qen pai.kocmoc |
2. | ouon ou.qello hiren tek.ekkl/cia | 4. | pa.iwt nem ta.mau qen p./i | |
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